Puppet

 

What is Puppet?

                             Puppet is an open-source configuration management tool that automates the provisioning, configuration, and management of infrastructure. It ensures that your systems are configured consistently and correctly according to predefined policies.

Why is Puppet a Configuration Management Tool?

  • Automates Setup: Ensures systems are consistently configured.
  • Infrastructure as Code: Uses a declarative language to define configurations.
  • Consistency: Enforces policies across systems, reducing configuration drift.

Use Cases

  • Provisioning: Automate setup of new servers.
  • Configuration: Maintain consistent system configurations.
  • Deployment: Automate software installations and updates.
  • Compliance: Ensure systems meet regulatory standards.

Dependencies

  • Puppet Agent: Installed on managed nodes.
  • Puppet Master: Central server distributing configurations.
  • Modules/Manifests: Code defining resource states.

Setting Up Puppet

                      To set up Puppet, you need a master server (Puppet Master) and one or more agent servers (Puppet Agents). Here’s a simplified guide:

Initial Setup 

 Update your repositories:

      comm :   sudo apt update  

       comm : sudo apt upgrade

  1.  Install Docker: 

    comm : sudo apt install docker.io

    Pull the Puppet image:

    comm : sudo docker pull puppet


    Create the Puppet Master container:

    comm : sudo docker run --name puppet-master -it puppet7

    Start the Docker service:

    comm :  sudo systemctl start docker

    Run the Puppet Master container:

    sudo docker start puppet-master

    Check if the container is running:

    comm :  sudo docker ps -a

    Installing Puppet Server:

    comm :  apt install puppetserver

     

    Enter the container and install necessary utilities:

    comm :  apt install vim net-tools

    If you encounter issues with broken packages, run the following commands:

    comm : apt update && sudo apt upgrade
    comm : apt --fix-broken install
    comm : apt clean
    comm : apt autoremove && sudo apt-get autoremove
    comm :  apt-get install puppet-agent
    comm :  apt-get install puppet-module-puppetlabs-mailalias-core
    comm : apt-get install puppetserver
     Note : you can also try outside the container just putting sudo on head of command.

    else 

    Check the Java version:

    comm :  java -version 

    (Note : Adjust Java configuration if necessary to manage system memory usage)

    Check Puppet service:

    comm :  netstat -ntulp

    (If you see port 8140, it means Puppet is listening to all ports.)

    Set up the Certificate Authority:

    comm :  /opt/puppetlabs/bin/puppetserver ca setup



    Check system information:

    comm :  facter -p

    Find the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN):

    comm :  facter -p | grep fqdn
     

    Create a .pp file for Puppet configurations:

    comm :  puppet apply filename.pp
     

     

                                      Creating the Puppet Agent

    Create the Puppet Agent container using the same image:

    comm :  sudo docker run --name puppet-agent01 -it puppet

    (Note : Start and run the Puppet Agent container as described earlier)

     

    Install Puppet Agent in the container:

    comm :  apt install puppet-agent
     

                                 Establishing Communication 

    Update /etc/hosts with IP and FQDN:

    comm :  vi /etc/hosts  (Note: Add the IP and FQDN at the end of the file) 

     

    Run commands in the Puppet Agent container to establish communication with the master: 

    comm :  /opt/puppetlabs/bin/puppetserver ca setup
     

    In the Puppet Master container, configure autosign in /etc/puppetlabs/puppet/puppet.conf: 

    autosign = true
     

    In the Puppet Agent container, test the connection to the Puppet Master: 

    comm :    puppet agent --test puppet_masterfqdn

                                    Managing Puppet Policies for both(master & agent )

    In the Puppet Master container, navigate to:

    comm :  cd /etc/puppetlabs/code/environments/production/manifests/ 

     (Note : In this directory create this file )

    Create init.pp and site.pp files to define policies and configurations.

     

    In the Puppet Agent container, run the following command to apply policies from the master:

    To run again  you have to run this command again and again : 

    comm : puppet agent --test puppet_masterfqdn

     

     

     

     

    If you find any mistakes, I apologize for that. We are all learning. For further resources, you can follow this video: Puppet Configuration Management. Stay safe and happy!

    Author: Haris
    FAST '27, BS CS
    Member, Research Lab COLAB-NU
    Email: arainharis151@gmail.com

    Feel free to reach out for questions or further assistance. Happy computing!

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